P4 Assisted Basic
P3 Guided Foundational
P2 Independent Intermediate
P1 Independent Advanced
Digital Personas — Northern Nigeria
Personas
P4 Assisted Basic
P3 Guided Foundational
P2 Independent Intermediate
P1 Independent Advanced
Colour shows each area's leading persona. Stronger colour means that persona leads more decisively.
Confidence
Confidence refers to how reliably we can identify the leading persona in an area — not the exact percentages.
High confidence — based on solid local survey data, confirmed by the model.
Moderate confidence — local data was limited; the estimate draws on neighbouring areas.
Low confidence — sparse, unresolved, or unsurveyed — read as indicative only.
Very low confidence — shown at cluster level only: a single raw survey point, not smoothed or representative of any area.
How this map is made
Each area is coloured by its leading digital persona, based on DHS survey data. Because surveys sample only some locations, we use a spatial model to strengthen estimates in sparsely-sampled areas by drawing on neighbouring patterns. Colour intensity reflects how strongly one persona leads; confidence reflects how reliable that call is.
Read the full methodology →